By chance, I stumbled over this article:
Mark. W. Wilson, ‘Cities of God in northern Asia minor: Using Stark’s social theories to reconstruct Peter’s communities,’ Verbum et Ecclesia 32(1), available here.
The author uses “seven hypotheses from R. Stark’s Cities of God (2007) as a heuristic tool to
investigate the rise of Christianity in the five Roman provinces mentioned in 1 Peter 1:1.
It affirmed that the Christian communities in these provinces were located in an urban,
not rural, setting. Building on the research of Hort and Hemer, seven major cities in these
provinces were proposed to test Stark’s hypotheses with. These cities are Sinope and Amisus
in Pontus, Ancyra in Galatia, Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, Dorylaeum in Asia and Nicea
and Nicomedia in Bithynia. An important factor noted in several of these cities was their
prominence as a commercial seaport and the presence of a Diaspora Jewish community.
Utilising this methodological approach helped to elucidate more fully the audience of 1
Peter’s geographic and historical background.”